Invitation of Islaam to the kings of the world

From the book · p. 56

In brief· the site’s own summary, not the book’s words

Nabi ﷺ (peace and blessings be upon him) sent letters inviting the kings of the world to Islaam. The Najashi of Habsha placed the letter on his eyes and accepted Islaam; Hiraql of Rome knew he was a true Nabi but held back for fear of losing his throne; and Khosro Parwez of Persia tore the letter to pieces, and was later killed by his own son. The ruler of Egypt, Maqowqas, treated the messenger kindly and sent gifts, among them Maariya Qibtiyyah رضي الله عنها (may Allah be pleased with her) and a white mule named Duldul, while the two rulers of Omaan accepted Islaam and began collecting zakaat.

Context (the site’s note) · Hiraql is Heraclius, the eastern Roman (Byzantine) emperor from 610 to 641 CE; Khosro Parwez is Khosrow II, king of Persia.

Accounts differThe book names Maariya Qibtiyyah رضي الله عنها (may Allah be pleased with her) and the mule Duldul among the gifts of the Maqowqas, and adds that “one narration” also mentions one thousand dinaars and twenty sets of clothing.

ﷺ (peace and blessings be upon him) wished that the message of Islaam should reach the kings of the world. The following are the names of the kings to whom letters were sent, their responses and the names of the رضي الله عنهم (may Allah be pleased with them) who took the letters:

A’mr bin Umayya رضي الله عنه (may Allah be pleased with him) was sent to As-hamah, Najashi, the king of Habsha (Ethiopia). On receiving the letter of Nabi ﷺ (peace and blessings be upon him), he placed the letter on his eyes. He descended from his throne, sat on the ground and accepted Islaam wholeheartedly.
Dihya Kalbi رضي الله عنه (may Allah be pleased with him) was sent to Hiraql, the emperor of Rome. He was aware from previous scriptures, that Nabi ﷺ (peace and blessings be upon him) was a true nabi. He wished to accept Islaam, but this angered his subjects. He feared that if he became a Muslim, his people would take away his leadership and this prevented him from accepting Islaam.
Abdullah bin Hudhaafah رضي الله عنه (may Allah be pleased with him) was sent to the proud Kisrah, Khosro Parwez, the leader of Persia. This wretched person disgraced the mubaarak letter of Nabi ﷺ (peace and blessings be upon him) and tore the letter to pieces. When this news reached Nabi ﷺ (peace and blessings be upon him), he cursed him saying: “May Allah ﷻ (exalted is His majesty) tear his kingdom as he tore my letter into pieces.” How could the dua of Nabi ﷺ (peace and blessings be upon him) go unanswered? After a short period of time, Khosro Parwez was killed by his very own son Sherooyah in a merciless way.
Haatib bin Abi Balta`a رضي الله عنه (may Allah be pleased with him) was sent to the leader of Egypt and Alexandria (Maqowqas). Allah ﷻ (exalted is His majesty) inspired him with the truth of Islaam and love for Nabi ﷺ (peace and blessings be upon him) in his heart. He treated Hadhrat Haatib رضي الله عنه (may Allah be pleased with him) very kindly and sent gifts for Nabi ﷺ (peace and blessings be upon him) among which were Maariya Qibtiyyah رضي الله عنها (may Allah be pleased with her) and a white mule, whose name was Duldul. It is mentioned in one narration that he also gifted one thousand dinaars and twenty sets of clothing to Nabi ﷺ (peace and blessings be upon him).
A’mr bin A’as رضي الله عنه (may Allah be pleased with him) was sent to the leaders of Omaan. Their names were Ja’far and Abdullah. They were convinced with the truthfulness of Nabi ﷺ (peace and blessings be upon him) through their research of the previous scriptures and both of them accepted Islaam. They immediately began collecting zakaat from their subjects and handed it over to Hadhrat A’mr bin A’as رضي الله عنه (may Allah be pleased with him).

In brief· the site’s own summary, not the book’s words

Nabi ﷺ sent letters inviting the kings of the world to Islaam. The Najashi of Habsha placed the letter on his eyes and accepted Islaam; Hiraql of Rome knew he was a true Nabi but held back for fear of losing his throne; and Khosro Parwez of Persia tore the letter to pieces, and was later killed by his own son. The ruler of Egypt, Maqowqas, treated the messenger kindly and sent gifts, among them Maariya Qibtiyyah رضي الله عنها and a white mule named Duldul, while the two rulers of Omaan accepted Islaam and began collecting zakaat.

The book’s text

The book’s text